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Action of 5 September 1782
The Action of 5 September 1782 took place during the American War of Independence between two French Navy frigates, ''Aigle'' and ''Gloire'', and a lone British 74-gun ship of the line HMS ''Hector''. In a two-day battle, the two frigates severely damaged ''Hector'' and only failed to captured her when a British squadron appeared on the horizon. The French withdrew but ''Hector'' foundered a few days later after the 1782 Central Atlantic hurricane.
== Background ==
The Franco-American alliance in the American War of Independence, resulted in France providing a considerable contribution to the naval operations in the American Revolutionary War. France and Britain fought to control shipping lanes and supply their side on the American continent, while conducting support operations and landings. In consequence, both sides often used warships as transports to ferry ammunition and other supplies, troops, funds, and officials; these might only be armed en flûte, depending on their cargo.
In April 1782, a joint Franco-Spanish fleet under Comte de Grasse attempted an invasion of Jamaica. The fleet met a British fleet under Sir George Rodney, who defeated then in the ensuing Battle of the Saintes. The British captured a number of ships and in the summer, a convoy under Rear-admiral Graves, on the 74-gun , with the 74-gun ships and , and the 36-gun frigate , escorted the prizes ''Ville de Paris'', ''Glorieux'', ''Hector'' and ''Ardent'' on the journey back to England.〔 In early September, ''Hector'' sailed to Halifax with her prize crew.〔
In August, two French frigates departed Rochefort to transport funds and officials for Rochambeau's army:〔Troude, vol.2, p.207〕 they were the 40-gun ''Aigle'', under Captain de Latouche, and the 32-gun ''Gloire'', under Captain de Vallongue.〔〔Guérin, p.433〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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